Peru civics quiz: questions and answers
All 21 general civics quiz questions about Peru with answers and explanations, grouped by topic. This is a learning quiz, not an official exam. Select a question to see the answer.
Constitution and government 5 questions
Head of state, parliament, courts and the constitution.
Practise only: Constitution and government →
In which year was Peru’s current Constitution approved?
1993
The Constitution was approved by referendum on 31 October 1993.
How long is the Peruvian President’s term, and can they be re-elected immediately?
Five years, with no immediate re-election
Article 112 of the Constitution bars immediate re-election.
What is the name of Peru’s national legislature?
The Congress of the Republic
Legislative power in Peru is exercised by the Congress of the Republic.
Besides Spanish, which languages are official in Peru where they predominate?
Quechua, Aymara and other native languages
The Constitution makes Spanish official, and Quechua, Aymara and other native languages official in the areas where they predominate.
How long is the term of the President of Peru?
Five years
The Constitution sets a five-year presidential term, and immediate re-election is not allowed.
History and national symbols 8 questions
Independence, key dates, flag, anthem and other national symbols.
Practise only: History and national symbols →
On what date did Peru declare independence?
28 July 1821
José de San Martín proclaimed independence in Lima; 28 July is celebrated as Fiestas Patrias.
Which battle of 1824 ended Spanish rule in South America?
Ayacucho
The Battle of Ayacucho on 9 December 1824 was won under Antonio José de Sucre.
What is the national bird of Peru?
The gallito de las rocas (Andean cock-of-the-rock)
The cock-of-the-rock is the official national bird; the condor is iconic but not the official symbol.
What three elements appear on Peru’s coat of arms?
A vicuña, a quina tree and a cornucopia
They represent Peru's fauna, flora and mineral wealth.
Which city was the capital of the Inca empire?
Cusco
Cusco was the capital of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca empire. Its historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Who proclaimed the independence of Peru in Lima on 28 July 1821?
José de San Martín
General José de San Martín proclaimed independence in Lima on 28 July 1821, celebrated each year at the Fiestas Patrias.
Which Spanish conquistador led the conquest of the Inca empire?
Francisco Pizarro
Francisco Pizarro captured the Inca ruler Atahualpa at Cajamarca in 1532 and later founded Lima.
Who led a major Indigenous rebellion against Spanish rule in 1780?
Túpac Amaru II
José Gabriel Condorcanqui, known as Túpac Amaru II, led a large rebellion against colonial abuses in 1780.
Geography and society 7 questions
Capital, geography, languages, currency and public holidays.
Practise only: Geography and society →
Which are Peru’s official languages?
Spanish, plus Quechua, Aymara and other native languages where they predominate
Article 48 of the Constitution makes Spanish official together with Quechua, Aymara and other native languages in the areas where they predominate.
What is the highest mountain in Peru?
Huascarán
Huascarán in the Cordillera Blanca rises to 6,768 metres.
Which Inca citadel is a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu was inscribed by UNESCO in 1983.
With which country does Peru share Lake Titicaca?
Bolivia
Lake Titicaca, the highest navigable lake in the world, lies on the Peru–Bolivia border.
What is Peru’s currency?
The sol
The nuevo sol replaced the inti in 1991 and was renamed the sol in 2015.
Which lake does Peru share with Bolivia?
Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca lies high in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia.
How are the colours arranged on Peru’s flag?
Three vertical stripes: red, white, red
Peru's flag has three vertical stripes of equal width: red, white and red.
Naturalisation rules 1 questions
What the law requires for citizenship: residence, language, tests, fees and dual nationality.
Practise only: Naturalisation rules →
How many years of residence will Ley 32421 (2025) require for naturalisation once it takes effect?
Five
Up from two years under Ley 26574; the new law applies only after its Reglamento is published.
Think you know them?
Take a timed mock exam in the real Peru Naturalisation Exam format.